Physics
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Resistor Noise Calculator.
Calculate Johnson-Nyquist RMS noise voltage and dBu/dBV levels from resistance, temperature, and bandwidth.
Set your values
Results update as you type.
Results update automatically as you type.
Educational model. Inputs and assumptions are explicit; verify engineering or scientific decisions independently.
Use Cases
Audio circuit design
Estimate the thermal noise floor of resistors in audio preamps and mixers to ensure low noise performance.
Example: Check the noise of a 10 kΩ resistor at 300 K over a 20 kHz bandwidth.
Sensor signal conditioning
Determine the minimum detectable signal in sensor amplifiers by calculating the noise contribution of the input resistor.
Example: Evaluate a 1 MΩ resistor at 298 K with a 1 kHz bandwidth.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is Johnson-Nyquist noise?
- Johnson-Nyquist noise, also known as thermal noise, is the random voltage generated by the thermal agitation of charge carriers in a conductor. It depends on resistance, temperature, and bandwidth, and is independent of frequency.
- How do I use this calculator?
- Enter the resistance in ohms, temperature in kelvin (or Celsius), and bandwidth in hertz. The calculator will compute the RMS noise voltage and its equivalent in dBu and dBV.
- What are dBu and dBV?
- dBu is a voltage level referenced to 0.775 V RMS, while dBV is referenced to 1 V RMS. These units are commonly used in audio engineering to express signal levels.
Tips & Common Mistakes
Tips
- Use kelvin for temperature: 0°C = 273.15 K. Add 273.15 to Celsius values.
- Bandwidth is the effective noise bandwidth of your system, not necessarily the -3 dB bandwidth.
- For multiple resistors, calculate each noise voltage and sum them in quadrature (square root of sum of squares).
- Lower resistance and temperature reduce thermal noise, but bandwidth is often fixed by the application.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Forgetting to convert Celsius to kelvin, leading to incorrect noise voltage.
- Using the full bandwidth of the signal instead of the noise-equivalent bandwidth.
- Confusing dBu and dBV reference levels: dBu uses 0.775 V, dBV uses 1 V.
Last updated: August 13, 2026