Physics
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Angle of Twist Calculator.
Calculate torsional twist for a solid circular shaft.
Set your values
Results update as you type.
Use Cases
Mechanical design of drive shafts
Engineers use this calculator to ensure that a solid shaft will not twist excessively under applied torque, which is critical for power transmission systems.
Example: Check a 2 m long steel shaft (diameter 0.05 m) under 500 N·m torque with G = 79 GPa.
Educational demonstrations in physics
Students can quickly compute twist angles to understand torsional deformation and verify theoretical results in mechanics of materials courses.
Example: Calculate twist for a brass shaft with given dimensions and compare with lab measurements.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the angle of twist in a shaft?
- The angle of twist is the angular deformation of a shaft when subjected to torque. It depends on the applied torque, shaft length, diameter, and material shear modulus. This calculator computes it for a solid circular shaft.
- What units are used in this calculator?
- Torque is in Newton-meters (N·m), shaft length in meters (m), shaft diameter in meters (m), and shear modulus in Pascals (Pa). The result is given in radians.
- Can this calculator be used for hollow shafts?
- No, this calculator is specifically for solid circular shafts. For hollow shafts, the polar moment of inertia differs, and a different formula is required.
Tips & Common Mistakes
Tips
- Ensure all inputs are in the correct units: torque in N·m, length in m, diameter in m, and shear modulus in Pa. Convert if necessary.
- Use consistent units to avoid errors. For example, if shear modulus is given in GPa, convert to Pa (1 GPa = 1e9 Pa) before entering.
- The result is in radians. To convert to degrees, multiply by 180/π (approximately 57.2958).
- For a given material, a larger diameter significantly reduces the twist angle because the polar moment of inertia scales with the fourth power of diameter.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Using diameter instead of radius in the formula. The calculator expects diameter, so do not halve it manually.
- Forgetting to convert shear modulus from GPa to Pa. Entering 79 instead of 79e9 will give a wildly incorrect result.
- Mixing units, such as entering length in millimeters while other inputs are in meters, leading to errors of orders of magnitude.
Last updated: August 13, 2026