Math
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Cross Product Calculator.
Calculate the cross product of two three-dimensional vectors.
Set your values
Results update as you type.
Results update automatically as you type.
Use Cases
Find a vector perpendicular to two given vectors
In 3D geometry and physics, the cross product yields a vector orthogonal to both input vectors, useful for constructing normals to planes or axes of rotation.
Example: Given a = (1, 0, 0) and b = (0, 1, 0), the cross product is (0, 0, 1), the z-axis.
Compute torque or angular momentum
In physics, torque is the cross product of the position vector and force vector. This calculator helps quickly find the resulting torque vector.
Example: If r = (2, 0, 0) m and F = (0, 3, 0) N, torque = (0, 0, 6) N·m.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the cross product of two vectors?
- The cross product of two 3D vectors a and b is a new vector that is perpendicular to both a and b. Its magnitude equals the area of the parallelogram formed by the vectors. The direction follows the right-hand rule.
- How is the cross product calculated?
- Given vectors a = (a1, a2, a3) and b = (b1, b2, b3), the cross product a × b = (a2*b3 - a3*b2, a3*b1 - a1*b3, a1*b2 - a2*b1). This calculator uses these formulas with your input components.
- What is the result of the cross product of two parallel vectors?
- If two vectors are parallel (or one is zero), their cross product is the zero vector (0, 0, 0). This indicates that the vectors do not form a parallelogram with nonzero area.
Tips & Common Mistakes
Tips
- Double-check that you enter the components in the correct order: x, y, z for each vector.
- Remember that the cross product is not commutative: a × b = -(b × a). Swapping the vectors reverses the direction.
- If you need the magnitude of the cross product, you can calculate it from the result using the Pythagorean theorem in 3D.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Entering the components of the two vectors in the wrong order, which reverses the direction of the result.
- Forgetting that the cross product is only defined for 3D vectors; this calculator expects exactly three components for each vector.
- Assuming the cross product of two parallel vectors is nonzero; it is always the zero vector.
Last updated: August 13, 2026